Intravascular Ultrasound for Evaluation of Left Gonadal Vein Anatomic Variations During Coil Embolization

Abstract

We illustrate the intravascular ultrasound (US) findings in the evaluation of left gonadal vein anatomic variations. During a 2-year period, 4 consecutive patients (mean age, 37 years; range, 28–45 years) with left-sided varicocele underwent embolization. Intravascular US examinations and retrograde venography were performed to assess varicocele anatomy. Anatomic variants were recorded and categorized. A comparison between intravascular US and fluoroscopic findings was performed. The Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis (P <.05). Technical success was achieved in all cases. There was a statistically significant difference in the maximum gonadal vein diameter between venography and intravascular US (P =.0087). Intravascular US showed left gonadal vein anatomic variations and better ability in the evaluation of the vein diameter. © 2018 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine