Assessing the physiological effects of traditional regional diets targeting the prevention of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials implementing mediterranean, New Nordic, Japanese, Atlantic, Persian and Mexican dietary interventions
Ημερομηνία
2021Γλώσσα
en
Λέξη-κλειδί
Επιτομή
Traditional regional diets are considered as sustainable dietary patterns, while many have been examined with regard to their health benefits. The aim of the present systematic review was to aggerate all evidence on the physiological effects of regional diets among adults at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Three databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) implementing any regional diet (Mediterranean (MedD), Persian, Southern European At-lantic, Japanese, Chinese, new Nordic, or other) while examining cardiovascular risk factors among adults at increased risk. Primary outcomes included anthropometric indices and secondary outcomes involved blood lipid concentrations, glucose metabolism, inflammation and other markers of CVD progression. Twenty RCTs fulfilled the study’s criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis, with the majority implementing a MedD. Adherence to most of the regional diets induced a reduction in the BW and anthropometric indices of the participants. The majority of RCTs with blood pressure endpoints failed to note a significant reduction in the intervention compared to the comparator arm, with the exception of some new Nordic and MedD ones. Despite the interventions, inflammation markers remained unchanged except for CRP, which was reduced in the intervention groups of one new Nordic, the older Japanese, and the Atlantic diet RCTs. With regard to blood lipids, regional diet interventions either failed to induce significant differences or improved selec-tive blood lipid markers of the participants adhering to the experimental regional diet arms. Finally, in the majority of RCTs glucose metabolism failed to improve. The body of evidence examining the effect of regional dietary patterns on CVD risk among high-risk populations, while employing an RCT design, appears to be limited, with the exception of the MedD. More research is required to advocate for the efficacy of most regional diets with regard to CVD. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Progression of conventional cardiovascular risk factors and vascular disease risk in individuals: insights from the PROG-IMT consortium
Bahls M., Lorenz M.W., Dörr M., Gao L., Kitagawa K., Tuomainen T.-P., Agewall S., Berenson G., Catapano A.L., Norata G.D., Bots M.L., van Gilst W., Asselbergs F.W., Brouwers F.P., Uthoff H., Sander D., Poppert H., Hecht Olsen M., Empana J.P., Schminke U., Baldassarre D., Veglia F., Franco O.H., Kavousi M., de Groot E., Mathiesen E.B., Grigore L., Polak J.F., Rundek T., Stehouwer C.D.A., Skilton M.R., Hatzitolios A.I., Savopoulos C., Ntaios G., Plichart M., McLachlan S., Lind L., Willeit P., Steinmetz H., Desvarieux M., Ikram M.A., Johnsen S.H., Schmidt C., Willeit J., Ducimetiere P., Price J.F., Bergström G., Kauhanen J., Kiechl S., Sitzer M., Bickel H., Sacco R.L., Hofman A., Völzke H., Thompson S.G., on behalf of the PROG-IMT Study Group (2020)Aims: Averaged measurements, but not the progression based on multiple assessments of carotid intima-media thickness, (cIMT) are predictive of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in individuals. Whether this is true for ... -
Exercise intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness in rheumatoid arthritis patients with high cardiovascular disease risk: a single-arm pilot study
Sobejana M., van den Hoek J., Metsios G.S., Kitas G.D., van der Leeden M., Verberne S., Jorstad H.T., Pijnappels M., Lems W.F., Nurmohamed M.T., van der Esch M. (2022)Objective: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with cardiovascular disease risk, it is unknown whether exercises are safe, improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce disease-related symptoms and cardiovascular-disease ... -
SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and its clinical implications: An integrative overview of the pharmacotherapeutic management of COVID-19
Tsatsakis A., Calina D., Falzone L., Petrakis D., Mitrut R., Siokas V., Pennisi M., Lanza G., Libra M., Doukas S.G., Doukas P.G., Kavali L., Bukhari A., Gadiparthi C., Vageli D.P., Kofteridis D.P., Spandidos D.A., Paoliello M.M.B., Aschner M., Docea A.O. (2020)Common manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory and can extend from mild symptoms to severe acute respiratory distress. The severity of the illness can also extend from mild disease to life-threatening acute respiratory ...