Combining effect and process evaluation on european preschool children’s snacking behavior in a kindergarten-based, family-involved cluster randomized controlled trial: The toybox study
dc.creator | De Craemer M., Verbestel V., Verloigne M., Androutsos O., Moreno L., Iotova V., Koletzko B., Socha P., Manios Y., Cardon G. | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-01-31T07:51:55Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-01-31T07:51:55Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
dc.identifier | 10.3390/ijerph17197312 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 16617827 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11615/73133 | |
dc.description.abstract | This study aimed at (1) studying the effect of the standardized ToyBox intervention on European preschoolers’ snacking behavior, and (2) studying whether a higher process evaluation score from teachers and parents/caregivers was associated with a more positive result for preschoolers’ snack intake. A sample of 4970 preschoolers (51.4% boys, 4.74 ± 0.44 years) from six European countries provided information on snack intake with the use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire. To investigate the effect of the intervention, multilevel repeated measures analyses were executed for the total sample and the six country-specific samples. Furthermore, questionnaires to measure process evaluation were used to compute a total process evaluation score for teachers and parents/caregivers. No significant intervention effects on preschoolers’ snack intake were found (all p > 0.003). In general, no different effects of the intervention on snack intake were found according to kindergarten teachers’ and parents’/caregivers’ process evaluation scores. The lack of effects could be due to limited intervention duration and dose. To induce larger effects on preschoolers’ snack intake, a less standardized intervention which is more tailored to the local needs might be needed. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.source | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | en |
dc.source.uri | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092230750&doi=10.3390%2fijerph17197312&partnerID=40&md5=230254ec9186f8cbe5db6433f3f5d23b | |
dc.subject | child health | en |
dc.subject | food consumption | en |
dc.subject | food intake | en |
dc.subject | student | en |
dc.subject | article | en |
dc.subject | caregiver | en |
dc.subject | child | en |
dc.subject | controlled study | en |
dc.subject | food frequency questionnaire | en |
dc.subject | human | en |
dc.subject | human experiment | en |
dc.subject | kindergarten | en |
dc.subject | major clinical study | en |
dc.subject | male | en |
dc.subject | randomized controlled trial | en |
dc.subject | teacher | en |
dc.subject | childhood obesity | en |
dc.subject | Europe | en |
dc.subject | fast food | en |
dc.subject | female | en |
dc.subject | health behavior | en |
dc.subject | health promotion | en |
dc.subject | preschool child | en |
dc.subject | procedures | en |
dc.subject | questionnaire | en |
dc.subject | school | en |
dc.subject | Europe | en |
dc.subject | Child, Preschool | en |
dc.subject | Europe | en |
dc.subject | Female | en |
dc.subject | Health Behavior | en |
dc.subject | Health Promotion | en |
dc.subject | Humans | en |
dc.subject | Male | en |
dc.subject | Pediatric Obesity | en |
dc.subject | Schools | en |
dc.subject | Snacks | en |
dc.subject | Surveys and Questionnaires | en |
dc.subject | MDPI AG | en |
dc.title | Combining effect and process evaluation on european preschool children’s snacking behavior in a kindergarten-based, family-involved cluster randomized controlled trial: The toybox study | en |
dc.type | journalArticle | en |
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