Infections: Viruses and Bacteria

Abstract

The interplay between pathogens and host's immune system is close and perplexed. Those pathogens that trigger autoimmunity in susceptible individuals may protect against autoimmunity under other circumstances further indicating that the intimate interactions between our immune system and our neighboring microbes are dynamic and their fate is dependent by endogenous and exogenous factors. The state of dysbiosis is a key condition under which changes of microbiome may provoke inflammation, immune dysregulation, and susceptibility to infectious triggers of autoimmunity. Controlling such changes may be important for the prevention of the disease and the induction of immune tolerance in early preclinical stages of the disease. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..