The relationship between jumping performance and isokinetic strength of hip and knee extensors and ankle plantar flexors

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vertical jumping performance and isokinetic moment of force of knee extensors, hip extensors and ankle plantar flexors in adult males. Twenty-nine males performed squat and counter movement jumps on an Egrojump device. The peak jumping height and the total work (height x body mass) were used as indicators of vertical jump performance. The subjects also performed three submaximal and three maximal isokinetic efforts of the hip extensors, knee extensors and ankle plantarflexors at angular velocities of 60, 120 and 180degrees(.)s(-1) on Cybex Norm Dynamometer. Pearson's product correlation tests indicated that there was a significant (p < 0.05) positive relationship between vertical jumping height and total work with hip and knee extension moments, whereas low correlation coefficients between isokinetic moment of the ankle plantarflexors and jumping performance were found (p > 0.05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that linear combinations of isokinetic torques accounted for 38% and 42% of the countermovement and squat jumping height variance, respectively. In contrast, regression models using isokinetic torques could predict jumping work accounting for 75% (counter movement jump) and 69% (squat jump) of the variance. The above results indicate that there is a moderate to high relationship between isokinetic knee and hip extension torques and vertical jump performance parameters, especially when jumping height is multiplied by subject's body weight. Furthermore, it appears that when using a linear combination of isokinetic torques from hip and knee joint muscle groups the multiple relationship between isokinetic tests and jumping performance is higher.