Optimizing magnetic nanoparticles for drinking water technology: The case of Cr(VI)

Abstract

The potential of magnetite nanoparticles to be applied in drinking water treatment for the removal of hexavalent chromium is discussed. In this study, a method for their preparation which combines the use of low-cost iron sources (FeSO4 and Fe-2(SO4)(3)) and a continuous flow mode, was developed. The produced magnetite nanoparticles with a size of around 20 nm, appeared relatively stable to passivation providing a removal capacity of 1.8 mu g Cr(VI)/mg for a residual concentration of 50 mu g/L when tested in natural water at pH 7. Such efficiency is explained by the reducing ability of magnetite which turns Cr(VI) to an insoluble Cr(OH)(3) form. The successful operation of a small-scale system consisting of a contact reactor and a magnetic separator demonstrates a way for the practical introduction and recovery of magnetite nanoparticles in water treatment technology. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.