Synucleins: New prospects in the diseases of the nervous system

Papachroni, K.; Papadimitriou, A.; Kalofoutis, A.

Abstract

Research in the molecular neuroscience field in the last years has revealed a family of proteins called synucleins, present in abundance in the nervous system. Synucleins are small, heat-stable and soluble proteins with a characteristic hydrophobic stretch of 5 to 6 highly conserved, imperfect repeats within the N-terminal. The developmental expression pattern of α and β-synucleins is similar to that of synaptobrevin and synaptophysin, two synaptic proteins with an established and well-characterised role in the physiology of the nervous system and in the development and maturation of synapses in the brain. Regarding the physiological function of synucleins there is substantial evidence that they are involved in the development of the synapses in the brain, in the recycling of the neuro-transmitters (NTs) vesicles, and the regulation of the relative concentrations of the NTs in the synapses, as well as in the mechanisms of cellular communication. However there is no unified and well-characterised model that describes the physiological function of synucleins and their specific role in the physiology of the cell. The various findings come from studies that have examined the proteins under different experimental conditions and thus they are sometimes contradictory. Although the physiological function of synucleins remains elusive, an abundance of studies has examined the relationship of these proteins with a range of neurological and other diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. A group of neurodisorders has been named synucleinopathies, as they are characterised by proteinaceous inclusions in the brains of the patients whose main constituent is α-synuclein. This group includes Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. This review provides an account of the knowledge about the physiological function of synucleins and describes their implication with pathological conditions, giving specific emphasis on Parkinson's disease.

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/11615/31638

Collections

Δημοσιεύσεις σε περιοδικά, συνέδρια, κεφάλαια βιβλίων κλπ. [19705]

Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

Global, regional, and national age-sex specifc mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Naghavi M., Abajobir A.A., Abbafati C., Abbas K.M., Abd-Allah F., Abera S.F., Aboyans V., Adetokunboh O., Ärnlöv J., Afshin A., Agrawal A., Kiadaliri A.A., Ahmadi A., Ahmed M.B., Aichour A.N., Aichour I., Aichour M.T.E., Aiyar S., Al-Eyadhy A., Alahdab F., Al-Aly Z., Alam K., Alam N., Alam T., Alene K.A., Ali S.D., Alizadeh-Navaei R., Alkaabi J.M., Alkerwi A., Alla F., Allebeck P., Allen C., Al-Raddadi R., Alsharif U., Altirkawi K.A., Alvis-Guzman N., Amare A.T., Amini E., Ammar W., Amoako Y.A., Anber N., Andersen H.H., Andrei C.L., Androudi S., Ansari H., Antonio C.A.T., Anwari P., Arora M., Artaman A., Aryal K.K., Asayesh H., Asgedom S.W., Atey T.M., Avila-Burgos L., Avokpaho E.F.G.A., Awasthi A., Quintanilla B.P.A., Béjot Y., Babalola T.K., Bacha U., Balakrishnan K., Barac A., Barboza M.A., Barker-Collo S.L., Barquera S., Barregard L., Barrero L.H., Baune B.T., Bedi N., Beghi E., Bekele B.B., Bell M.L., Bennett J.R., Bensenor I.M., Berhane A., Bernabé E., Betsu B.D., Beuran M., Bhatt S., Biadgilign S., Bienhof K., Bikbov B., Bisanzio D., Bourne R.R.A., Breitborde N.J.K., Bulto L.N.B., Bumgarner B.R., Butt Z.A., Cárdenas R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Cameron E., Campuzano J.C., Car J., Carrero J.J., Carter A., Casey D.C., Castañeda-Orjuela C.A., Catalá-López F., Charlson F.J., Chibueze C.E., Chimed-Ochir O., Chisumpa V.H., Chitheer A.A., Christopher D.J., Ciobanu L.G., Cirillo M., Cohen A.J., Colombara D., Cooper C., Cowie B.C., Criqui M.H., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargan P.I., Das Neves J., Davitoiu D.V., Davletov K., De Courten B., Degenhardt L., Deiparine S., Deribe K., Deribew A., Dey S., Dicker D., Ding E.L., Djalalinia S., Do H.P., Doku D.T., Douwes-Schultz D., Driscoll T.R., Dubey M., Duncan B.B., Echko M., El-Khatib Z.Z., Ellingsen C.L., Enayati A., Erskine H.E., Eskandarieh S., Esteghamati A., Ermakov S.P., Estep K., Sa Farinha C.S., Faro A., Farzadfar F., Feigin V.L., Fereshtehnejad S.-M., Fernandes J.C., Ferrari A.J., Feyissa T.R., Filip I., Finegold S., Fischer F., Fitzmaurice C., Flaxman A.D., Foigt N., Frank T., Fraser M., Fullman N., Fürst T., Furtado J.M., Gakidou E., Garcia-Basteiro A.L., Gebre T., Gebregergs G.B., Gebrehiwot T.T., Gebremichael D.Y., Geleijnse J.M., Genova-Maleras R., Gesesew H.A., Gething P.W., Gillum R.F., Ginawi I.A.M., Giref A.Z., Giroud M., Giussani G., Godwin W.W., Gold A.L., Goldberg E.M., Gona P.N., Gopalani S.V., Gouda H.N., Goulart A.C., Griswold M., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Gupta T., Gupta V., Haagsma J.A., Hafezi-Nejad N., Hailu A.D., Hailu G.B., Hamadeh R.R., Hambisa M.T., Hamidi S., Hammami M., Hancock J., Handal A.J., Hankey G.J., Hao Y., Harb H.L., Hareri H.A., Hassanvand M.S., Havmoeller R., Hay S.I., He F., Hedayati M.T., Henry N.J., Heredia-Pi I.B., Herteliu C., Hoek H.W., Horino M., Horita N., Hosgood H.D., Hostiuc S., Hotez P.J., Hoy D.G., Huynh C., Iburg K.M., Ikeda C., Ileanu B.V., Irenso A.A., Irvine C.M.S., Jürisson M., Jacobsen K.H., Jahanmehr N., Jakovljevic M.B., Javanbakht M., Jayaraman S.P., Jeemon P., Jha V., John D., Johnson C.O., Johnson S.C., Jonas J.B., Kabir Z., Kadel R., Kahsay A., Kamal R., Karch A., Karimi S.M., Karimkhani C., Kasaeian A., Kassaw N.A., Kassebaum N.J., Katikireddi S.V., Kawakami N., Keiyoro P.N., Kemmer L., Kesavachandran C.N., Khader Y.S., Khan E.A., Khang Y.-H., Khoja A.T.A., Khosravi A., Khosravi M.H., Khubchandani J., Kieling C., Kievlan D., Kim D., Kim Y.J., Kimokoti R.W., Kinfu Y., Kissoon N., Kivimaki M., Knudsen A.K., Kopec J.A., Kosen S., Koul P.A., Koyanagi A., Defo B.K., Kulikof X.R., Kumar G.A., Kumar P., Kutz M., Kyu H.H., Lal D.K., Lalloo R., Lambert T.L.N., Lan Q., Lansingh V.C., Larsson A., Lee P.H., Leigh J., Leung J., Levi M., Li Y., Kappe D.L., Liang X., Liben M.L., Lim S.S., Liu A., Liu P.Y., Liu Y., Lodha R., Logroscino G., Lorkowski S., Lotufo P.A., Lozano R., Lucas T.C.D., Ma S., Macarayan E.R.K., Maddison E.R., Abd El Razek M.M., Majdan M., Majdzadeh R., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Malhotra R., Malta D.C., Manguerra H., Manyazewal T., Mapoma C.C., Marczak L.B., Markos D., Martinez-Raga J., Martins-Melo F.R., Martopullo I., McAlinden C., McGaughey M., McGrath J.J., Mehata S., Meier T., Meles K.G., Memiah P., Memish Z.A., Mengesha M.M., Mengistu D.T., Menota B.G., Mensah G.A., Meretoja A., Meretoja T.J., Millear A., Miller T.R., Minnig S., Mirarefn M., Mirrakhimov E.M., Misganaw A., Mishra S.R., Mohammad K.A., Mohammadi A., Mohammed S., Mokdad A.H., Mola G.L.D., Mollenkopf S.K., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Hernandez J.C.M., Montico M., Mooney M.D., Moradi-Lakeh M., Moraga P., Morawska L., Morrison S.D., Morozof C., Mountjoy-Venning C., Mruts K.B., Muller K., Murthy G.V.S., Musa K.I., Nachega J.B., Naheed A., Naldi L., Nangia V., Nascimento B.R., Nasher J.T., Natarajan G., Negoi I., Ngunjiri J.W., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen G., Nguyen M., Nguyen Q.L., Nguyen T.H., Nichols E., Ningrum D.N.A., Nong V.M., Noubiap J.J.N., Ogbo F.A., Oh I.-H., Okoro A., Olagunju A.T., Olsen H.E., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Ong K., Opio J.N., Oren E., Ortiz A., Osman M., Ota E., Mahesh P.A., Pacella R.E., Pakhale S., Pana A., Panda B.K., Jonas S., Papachristou C., Park E.-K., Patten S.B., Patton G.C., Paudel D., Paulson K., Pereira D.M., Perez-Ruiz F., Perico N., Pervaiz A., Petzold M., Phillips M.R., Pigott D.M., Pinho C., Plass D., Pletcher M.A., Polinder S., Postma M.J., Pourmalek F., Purcell C., Qorbani M., Radfar A., Rafay A., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M., Ur Rahman M.H., Rai R.K., Ranabhat C.L., Rankin Z., Rao P.C., Rath G.K., Rawaf S., Ray S.E., Rehm J., Reiner R.C., Reitsma M.B., Remuzzi G., Rezaei S., Rezai M.S., Rokni M.B., Ronfani L., Roshandel G., Roth G.A., Rothenbacher D., Ruhago G.M., Rizwan S.A., Saadat S., Sachdev P.S., Sadat N., Safdarian M., Saf S., Safiri S., Sagar R., Sahathevan R., Salama J., Salamati P., Salomon J.A., Samy A.M., Sanabria J.R., Sanchez-Niño M.D., Santomauro D., Santos I.S., Milicevic M.M.S., Sartorius B., Satpathy M., Shahraz S., Schmidt M.I., Schneider I.J.C., Schulhofer-Wohl S., Schutte A.E., Schwebel D.C., Schwendicke F., Sepanlou S.G., Servan-Mori E.E., Shackelford K.A., Shaikh M.A., Shamsipour M., Shamsizadeh M., Islam S.M.S., Sharma J., Sharma R., She J., Sheikhbahaei S., Shey M., Shi P., Shields C., Shigematsu M., Shiri R., Shirude S., Shiue I., Shoman H., Shrime M.G., Sigfusdottir I.D., Silpakit N., Silva J.P., Singh A., Singh J.A., Skiadaresi E., Sligar A., Smith A., Smith D.L., Smith M., Sobaih B.H.A., Soneji S., Sorensen R.J.D., Soriano J.B., Sreeramareddy C.T., Srinivasan V., Stanaway J.D., Stathopoulou V., Steel N., Stein D.J., Steiner C., Steinke S., Stokes M.A., Strong M., Strub B., Subart M., Sufyan M.B., Sunguya B.F., Sur P.J., Swaminathan S., Sykes B.L., Tabarés-Seisdedos R., Tadakamadla S.K., Takahashi K., Takala J.S., Talongwa R.T., Tarawneh M.R., Tavakkoli M., Taveira N., Tegegne T.K., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Temsah M.-H., Terkawi A.S., Thakur J.S., Thamsuwan O., Thankappan K.R., Thomas K.E., Thompson A.H., Thomson A.J., Thrift A.G., Tobe-Gai R., Topor-Madry R., Torre A., Tortajada M., Towbin J.A., Tran B.X., Troeger C., Truelsen T., Tsoi D., Tuzcu E.M., Tyrovolas S., Ukwaja K.N., Undurraga E.A., Updike R., Uthman O.A., Uzochukwu B.S.C., Van Boven J.F.M., Vasankari T., Venketasubramanian N., Violante F.S., Vlassov V.V., Vollset S.E., Vos T., Wakayo T., Wallin M.T., Wang Y.-P., Weiderpass E., Weintraub R.G., Weiss D.J., Werdecker A., Westerman R., Whetter B., Whiteford H.A., Wijeratne T., Wiysonge C.S., Woldeyes B.G., Wolfe C.D.A., Woodbrook R., Workicho A., Xavier D., Xiao Q., Xu G., Yaghoubi M., Yakob B., Yano Y., Yaseri M., Yimam H.H., Yonemoto N., Yoon S.-J., Yotebieng M., Younis M.Z., Zaidi Z., El Sayed Zaki M., Zegeye E.A., Zenebe Z.M., Zerfu T.A., Zhang A.L., Zhang X., Zipkin B., Zodpey S., Lopez A.D., Murray C.J.L., GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators (2017)

Background: Monitoring levels and trends in premature mortality is crucial to understanding how societies can address prominent sources of early death. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive ...
Healthcare access and quality index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: A novel analysis from the global burden of disease study 2015

Barber R.M., Fullman N., Sorensen R.J.D., Bollyky T., McKee M., Nolte E., Abajobir A.A., Abate K.H., Abbafati C., Abbas K.M., Abd-Allah F., Abdulle A.M., Abdurahman A.A., Abera S.F., Abraham B., Abreha G.F., Adane K., Adelekan A.L., Adetifa I.M.O., Afshin A., Agarwal A., Agarwal S.K., Agarwal S., Agrawal A., Ahmad Kiadaliri A., Ahmadi A., Ahmed K.Y., Ahmed M.B., Akinyemi R.O., Akinyemiju T.F., Akseer N., Al-Aly Z., Alam K., Alam N., Alam S.S., Alemu Z.A., Alene K.A., Alexander L., Ali R., Ali S.D., Alizadeh-Navaei R., Alkerwi A., Alla F., Allebeck P., Allen C., Al-Raddadi R., Alsharif U., Altirkawi K.A., Alvarez Martin E., Alvis-Guzman N., Amare A.T., Amini E., Ammar W., Amo-Adjei J., Amoako Y.A., Anderson B.O., Androudi S., Ansari H., Ansha M.G., Antonio C.A.T., Ärnlöv J., Artaman A., Asayesh H., Assadi R., Astatkie A., Atey T.M., Atique S., Atnafu N.T., Atre S.R., Avila-Burgos L., Avokpaho E.F.G.A., Ayala Quintanilla B.P., Awasthi A., Ayele N.N., Azzopardi P., Ba Saleem H.O., Bärnighausen T., Bacha U., Badawi A., Banerjee A., Barac A., Barboza M.A., Barker-Collo S.L., Barrero L.H., Basu S., Baune B.T., Baye K., Bayou Y.T., Bazargan-Hejazi S., Bedi N., Beghi E., Béjot Y., Bello A.K., Bennett D.A., Bensenor I.M., Berhane A., Bernabé E., Bernal O.A., Beyene A.S., Beyene T.J., Bhutta Z.A., Biadgilign S., Bikbov B., Birlik S.M., Birungi C., Biryukov S., Bisanzio D., Bizuayehu H.M., Bose D., Brainin M., Brauer M., Brazinova A., Breitborde N.J.K., Brenner H., Butt Z.A., Cárdenas R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Campos-Nonato I.R., Car J., Carrero J.J., Casey D., Caso V., Castañeda-Orjuela C.A., Castillo Rivas J., Catalá-López F., Cecilio P., Cercy K., Charlson F.J., Chen A.Z., Chew A., Chibalabala M., Chibueze C.E., Chisumpa V.H., Chitheer A.A., Chowdhury R., Christensen H., Christopher D.J., Ciobanu L.G., Cirillo M., Coggeshall M.S., Cooper L.T., Cortinovis M., Crump J.A., Dalal K., Danawi H., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargan P.I., Das Neves J., Davey G., Davitoiu D.V., Davletov K., De Leo D., Del Gobbo L.C., Del Pozo-Cruz B., Dellavalle R.P., Deribe K., Deribew A., Des Jarlais D.C., Dey S., Dharmaratne S.D., Dicker D., Ding E.L., Dokova K., Dorsey E.R., Doyle K.E., Dubey M., Ehrenkranz R., Ellingsen C.L., Elyazar I., Enayati A., Ermakov S.P., Eshrati B., Esteghamati A., Estep K., Fürst T., Faghmous I.D.A., Fanuel F.B.B., Faraon E.J.A., Farid T.A., Farinha C.S.E.S., Faro A., Farvid M.S., Farzadfar F., Feigin V.L., Feigl A.B., Fereshtehnejad S.-M., Fernandes J.G., Fernandes J.C., Feyissa T.R., Fischer F., Fitzmaurice C., Fleming T.D., Foigt N., Foreman K.J., Forouzanfar M.H., Franklin R.C., Frostad J., Ghiwot T.T., Gakidou E., Gambashidze K., Gamkrelidze A., Gao W., Garcia-Basteiro A.L., Gebre T., Gebremedhin A.T., Gebremichael M.W., Gebru A.A., Gelaye A.A., Geleijnse J.M., Genova-Maleras R., Gibney K.B., Giref A.Z., Gishu M.D., Giussani G., Godwin W.W., Gold A., Goldberg E.M., Gona P.N., Goodridge A., Gopalani S.V., Goto A., Graetz N., Greaves F., Griswold M., Guban P.I., Gugnani H.C., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Gupta R., Gupta T., Gupta V., Habtewold T.D., Hafezi-Nejad N., Haile D., Hailu A.D., Hailu G.B., Hakuzimana A., Hamadeh R.R., Hambisa M.T., Hamidi S., Hammami M., Hankey G.J., Hao Y., Harb H.L., Hareri H.A., Haro J.M., Hassanvand M.S., Havmoeller R., Hay R.J., Hay S.I., Hendrie D., Heredia-Pi I.B., Hoek H.W., Horino M., Horita N., Hosgood H.D., Htet A.S., Hu G., Huang H., Huang J.J., Huntley B.M., Huynh C., Iburg K.M., Ileanu B.V., Innos K., Irenso A.A., Jahanmehr N., Jakovljevic M.B., James P., James S.L., Javanbakht M., Jayaraman S.P., Jayatilleke A.U., Jeemon P., Jha V., John D., Johnson C., Johnson S.C., Jonas J.B., Juel K., Kabir Z., Kalkonde Y., Kamal R., Kan H., Karch A., Karema C.K., Karimi S.M., Kasaeian A., Kassebaum N.J., Kastor A., Katikireddi S.V., Kazanjan K., Keiyoro P.N., Kemmer L., Kemp A.H., Kengne A.P., Kerbo A.A., Kereselidze M., Kesavachandran C.N., Khader Y.S., Khalil I., Khan A.R., Khan E.A., Khan G., Khang Y.-H., Khoja A.T.A., Khonelidze I., Khubchandani J., Kibret G.D., Kim D., Kim P., Kim Y.J., Kimokoti R.W., Kinfu Y., Kissoon N., Kivipelto M., Kokubo Y., Kolk A., Kolte D., Kopec J.A., Kosen S., Koul P.A., Koyanagi A., Kravchenko M., Krishnaswami S., Krohn K.J., Kuate Defo B., Kucuk Bicer B., Kuipers E.J., Kulkarni V.S., Kumar G.A., Kumsa F.A., Kutz M., Kyu H.H., Lager A.C.J., Lal A., Lal D.K., Lalloo R., Lallukka T., Lan Q., Langan S.M., Lansingh V.C., Larson H.J., Larsson A., Laryea D.O., Latif A.A., Lawrynowicz A.E.B., Leasher J.L., Leigh J., Leinsalu M., Leshargie C.T., Leung J., Leung R., Levi M., Liang X., Lim S.S., Lind M., Linn S., Lipshultz S.E., Liu P., Liu Y., Lo L.-T., Logroscino G., Lopez A.D., Lorch S.A., Lotufo P.A., Lozano R., Lunevicius R., Lyons R.A., Macarayan E.R.K., Mackay M.T., Magdy Abd El Razek H., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahdavi M., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Malta D.C., Mantovani L.G., Manyazewal T., Mapoma C.C., Marcenes W., Marks G.B., Marquez N., Martinez-Raga J., Marzan M.B., Massano J., Mathur M.R., Maulik P.K., Mazidi M., McAlinden C., McGrath J.J., McNellan C., Meaney P.A., Mehari A., Mehndiratta M.M., Meier T., Mekonnen A.B., Meles K.G., Memish Z.A., Mengesha M.M., Mengiste D.T., Mengistie M.A., Menota B.G., Mensah G.A., Mereta S.T., Meretoja A., Meretoja T.J., Mezgebe H.B., Micha R., Millear A., Mills E.J., Minnig S., Mirarefin M., Mirrakhimov E.M., Mock C.N., Mohammad K.A., Mohammed S., Mohanty S.K., Mokdad A.H., Mola G.L.D., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Montico M., Moradi-Lakeh M., Moraga P., Morawska L., Mori R., Moses M., Mueller U.O., Murthy S., Musa K.I., Nachega J.B., Nagata C., Nagel G., Naghavi M., Naheed A., Naldi L., Nangia V., Nascimento B.R., Negoi I., Neupane S.P., Newton C.R., Ng M., Ngalesoni F.N., Ngunjiri J.W., Nguyen G., Ningrum D.N.A., Nolte S., Nomura M., Norheim O.F., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J.N., Obermeyer C.M., Ogbo F.A., Oh I.-H., Okoro A., Oladimeji O., Olagunju A.T., Olivares P.R., Olsen H.E., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Opio J.N., Oren E., Ortiz A., Osborne R.H., Osman M., Owolabi M.O., Mahesh P.A., Pain A.W., Pakhale S., Palomares Castillo E., Pana A., Papachristou C., Parsaeian M., Patel T., Patton G.C., Paudel D., Paul V.K., Pearce N., Pereira D.M., Perez-Padilla R., Perez-Ruiz F., Perico N., Pesudovs K., Petzold M., Phillips M.R., Pigott D.M., Pillay J.D., Pinho C., Polinder S., Pond C.D., Prakash V., Purwar M., Qorbani M., Quistberg D.A., Radfar A., Rafay A., Rahimi K., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M., Rahman M.H.U., Rai R.K., Ram U., Rana S.M., Rankin Z., Rao P.V., Rao P.C., Rawaf S., Rego M.A.S., Reitsma M., Remuzzi G., Renzaho A.M.N.N., Resnikoff S., Rezaei S., Rezai M.S., Ribeiro A.L., Roba H.S., Rokni M.B., Ronfani L., Roshandel G., Roth G.A., Rothenbacher D., Roy N.K., Sachdev P.S., Sackey B.B., Saeedi M.Y., Safiri S., Sagar R., Sahraian M.A., Saleh M.M., Salomon J.A., Samy A.M., Sanabria J.R., Sanchez-Niño M.D., Sandar L., Santos I.S., Santos J.V., Santric Milicevic M.M., Sarmiento-Suarez R., Sartorius B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sawhney M., Saylan M.I., Schöttker B., Schutte A.E., Schwebel D.C., Seedat S., Seid A.M., Seifu C.N., Sepanlou S.G., Serdar B., Servan-Mori E.E., Setegn T., Shackelford K.A., Shaheen A., Shahraz S., Shaikh M.A., Shakh-Nazarova M., Shamsipour M., Shariful Islam S.M., Sharma J., Sharma R., She J., Sheikhbahaei S., Shen J., Shi P., Shigematsu M., Shin M.-J., Shiri R., Shoman H., Shrime M.G., Sibamo E.L.S., Sigfusdottir I.D., Silva D.A.S., Silveira D.G.A., Sindi S., Singh A., Singh J.A., Singh O.P., Singh P.K., Singh V., Sinke A.H., Sinshaw A.E., Skirbekk V., Sliwa K., Smith A., Sobngwi E., Soneji S., Soriano J.B., Sousa T.C.M., Sposato L.A., Sreeramareddy C.T., Stathopoulou V., Steel N., Steiner C., Steinke S., Stokes M.A., Stranges S., Strong M., Stroumpoulis K., Sturua L., Sufiyan M.B., Suliankatchi R.A., Sun J., Sur P., Swaminathan S., Sykes B.L., Tabarés-Seisdedos R., Tabb K.M., Taffere G.R., Talongwa R.T., Tarajia M., Tavakkoli M., Taveira N., Teeple S., Tegegne T.K., Tehrani-Banihashemi A., Tekelab T., Tekle D.Y., Temam Shifa G., Terkawi A.S., Tesema A.G., Thakur J.S., Thomson A.J., Tillmann T., Tiruye T.Y., Tobe-Gai R., Tonelli M., Topor-Madry R., Tortajada M., Troeger C., Truelsen T., Tura A.K., Uchendu U.S., Ukwaja K.N., Undurraga E.A., Uneke C.J., Uthman O.A., Van Boven J.F.M., Van Dingenen R., Varughese S., Vasankari T., Venketasubramanian N., Violante F.S., Vladimirov S.K., Vlassov V.V., Vollset S.E., Vos T., Wagner J.A., Wakayo T., Waller S.G., Walson J.L., Wang H., Wang Y.-P., Watkins D.A., Weiderpass E., Weintraub R.G., Wen C.-P., Werdecker A., Wesana J., Westerman R., Whiteford H.A., Wilkinson J.D., Wiysonge C.S., Woldeyes B.G., Wolfe C.D.A., Won S., Workicho A., Workie S.B., Wubshet M., Xavier D., Xu G., Yadav A.K., Yaghoubi M., Yakob B., Yan L.L., Yano Y., Yaseri M., Yimam H.H., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yoon S.-J., Younis M.Z., Yu C., Zaidi Z., El Sayed Zaki M., Zambrana-Torrelio C., Zapata T., Zenebe Z.M., Zodpey S., Zoeckler L., Zuhlke L.J., Murray C.J.L., GBD 2015 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators (2017)

Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). ...
SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and its clinical implications: An integrative overview of the pharmacotherapeutic management of COVID-19

Tsatsakis A., Calina D., Falzone L., Petrakis D., Mitrut R., Siokas V., Pennisi M., Lanza G., Libra M., Doukas S.G., Doukas P.G., Kavali L., Bukhari A., Gadiparthi C., Vageli D.P., Kofteridis D.P., Spandidos D.A., Paoliello M.M.B., Aschner M., Docea A.O. (2020)

Common manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory and can extend from mild symptoms to severe acute respiratory distress. The severity of the illness can also extend from mild disease to life-threatening acute respiratory ...