Πλοήγηση ανά Θέμα "causality"
Αποτελέσματα 1-7 από 7
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Defence expenditure and economic growth in the European Union - A causality analysis
(2004)This paper examines the relationship between military expenditure and growth among the EU15 members using co-integration and causality tests for the period 1961-2000. Although the results reported herein do not reveal a ... -
Do patients with schizophrenia have higher infection and mortality rates due to COVID-19? A systematic review
(2021)People with mental illness are known to have poorer physical health outcomes. Among them, patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are disproportionately burdened. A number of recent studies have highlighted that ... -
Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source and Detection of Atrial Fibrillation on Follow-Up: How Much Causality Is There?
(2016)Background There is increasing debate whether atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes during follow-up in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) are causally associated with the event. AF-related strokes are ... -
Guns, highways and economic growth in the United States
(2013)Given its significant policy implications, the nexus between public expenditures and economic growth has been the subject of an extensive and often emotive theoretical and empirical debate. The nexus between two types of ... -
Investigation of factors associated with health-related quality of life and psychological distress in vitiligo [Eine Untersuchung von Faktoren, die mit der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität und der psychologischen Belastung bei Vitiligo verbunden sind]
(2016)Background and objectives Skin diseases distort the body image with possible negative effects on the quality of life and psychosocial health of patients. While vitiligo does not affect the physical well-being, it may be ... -
A panel data analysis of the nexus between defence spending and growth in the European Union
(2007)The nexus between economic growth and military expenditure has attracted considerable attention and has been the subject of extensive theoretical and empirical work. Given the move towards the development of a Common ... -
Using multivariable Mendelian randomization to estimate the causal effect of bone mineral density on osteoarthritis risk, independently of body mass index
(2022)Objectives: Observational analyses suggest that high bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA); it is unclear whether this represents a causal effect or shared aetiology and whether these relationships ...