Hepatic lipidosis

Abstract

This chapter presents information on etiology/pathophysiology, signalment/history, clinical features, differential diagnosis, diagnostics and therapeutics of hepatic lipidosis (HL) in dogs and cats. HL is seen very commonly in cats; very rarely, it can also affect dogs. Most cats are middle aged but age of affected cats ranges from one to 16 years. It is important to recognize that the diseases, including primary hepatic disease, can coexist with HL and findings might reflect both conditions and confuse the clinician. Hepatomegaly and diffuse hyperechoic hepatic parenchyma are consistent findings and reflect hepatic lipid accumulation. Feeding an appropriate diet in adequate amounts, via feeding tube, and correction of hypoperfusion and electrolyte disturbances are the cornerstones of treatment. The vast majority of cats with HL need to be hospitalized for some period of time, especially those with severe clinical signs (e.g., if recumbent or with neck ventroflexion); when stabilized, cats can be discharged for home care. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.