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dc.creatorGrika, E. P.en
dc.creatorZiakas, P. D.en
dc.creatorZintzaras, E.en
dc.creatorMoutsopoulos, H. M.en
dc.creatorVlachoyiannopoulos, P. G.en
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-23T10:29:15Z
dc.date.available2015-11-23T10:29:15Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.identifier10.3899/jrheum.110800
dc.identifier.issn0315-162X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11615/28229
dc.description.abstractObjective. To describe morbidity, organ damage, mortality, and cause of death in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Methods. Descriptive analysis of 135 patients. Patients were clustered according to initial event: arterial thrombosis including stroke (AT; n = 46), venous thrombosis including pulmonary emboli (VT; n = 53), or pregnancy morbidity (PM; n = 36). Disease progression according to initial event and prevalence of organ damage was observed. Results. APS occurs among young individuals (mean age 33.3 +/- 11.9 yrs). One-third of the patients have APS secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or SLE-like disease. A broad spectrum of clinical manifestations mark the disease onset even before diagnosis. The pattern of initial presentation is preserved with regard to second event; VT is followed by VT (84%), AT is followed by AT (95%), and PM is followed by PM (88.9%). The highest morbidity is attributed to neurologic damage. PM is more likely to be followed by a second event, yet is associated with less organ damage than AT and VT. After a mean followup of 7.55 years, 29% of patients experienced organ damage and 5 died, with Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics score associated with increased mortality (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.07-1.60, p = 0.01, per 1-unit increase): hematological malignancies occurred in 2 patients after a cumulative followup of 1020 person-years. Coexistent SLE adds significant damage in patients with APS. Conclusion. APS is a disease of young individuals, who experience increased morbidity. Neurologic damage is the most common cause of morbidity. AT at presentation as well as coexistent SLE are associated with poor outcome. (First Release Jan 15 2012; J Rheumatol 2012;39:516-23; doi: 10.3899/jrheum.110800)en
dc.source.uri<Go to ISI>://WOS:000302038800012
dc.subjectANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROMEen
dc.subjectMORBIDITYen
dc.subjectMORTALITYen
dc.subjectORGAN DAMAGEen
dc.subjectSYSTEMICen
dc.subjectLUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUSen
dc.subjectSYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUSen
dc.subjectPROGNOSTIC-FACTORSen
dc.subjectANTIBODY SYNDROMEen
dc.subjectVASCULAR-DISEASEen
dc.subjectMANIFESTATIONSen
dc.subjectMULTICENTERen
dc.subjectUPDATEen
dc.subjectATHEROSCLEROSISen
dc.subjectCLASSIFICATIONen
dc.subjectANTICOAGULANTSen
dc.subjectRheumatologyen
dc.titleMorbidity, Mortality, and Organ Damage in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndromeen
dc.typejournalArticleen


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