Redox biomarkers in toxicology and nutrition: The social link

Abstract

One crucial effect of xenobiotic administration is the modification of redox homeostasis evaluated through the measurement of biological redox markers (i.e., redox biomarkers), taking into account nutrition as an essential parameter. The role of nutrition (and antioxidant supplementation) as a social marker (i.e., sociomarker) on the modifications of redox homeostasis due to xenobiotic toxicity is highlighted, on the basis of the perception shift emerged recently in the ideas of modern toxicology (i.e., the real-life risk simulation or, alternatively, the real-life exposure scenario concept). Redox biomarkers along with sociomarkers appear to interplay regarding the redox-related toxicity of nutritional or other xenobiotics leading to specific pathologies. However, the participation of redox biomarkers in disease onset with a cause-effect manner is not yet established, thus to that end the pendulum-like methodological concept regarding the evaluation of the possibility that redox biomarkers exert clinical significance is introduced. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.