Greenhouse integrated photovoltaics (GIPV): Effects in microclimatic parameters and canopy production

Abstract

Energy demand of greenhouses is an important factor for their economics, and photovoltaics (PV) can be used as an alternative method to supply electrical energy for electrical and heating needs. Infrared (IR) radiation heating systems operate via the conversion of the electrical energy into heat and possess the advantage of low electrical energy consumption with high directional control, appropriate for creating localized temperature conditions in open or thermally unprotected spaces. The objective of this research was to evaluate a low energy demand greenhouse that uses IR heating and PV panels installed on the roof and causing partial shading. The effects of the PV panels on plant growth and development were an additional target of the research. Experimental results are presented from a full cultivation period inside two greenhouses outfitted with and without PV systems, respectively. Pepper (California Wonder) was used as the test crop for a three-month period. Graphs are presented showing electrical energy output, incoming solar radiation flux, temperature and plant performance. Finally, the design and energy performance of the above PV installation modes is analyzed and the corresponding results are presented. © 2020 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved.