The presence, enjoyment, mood experience, attitude and preference towards exergames scale in children with mild intellectual disability

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure and cross-cultural validity of the self-report questionnaire of Ho, Lwin, Sng & Yee (2017) in a sample of Greek primary school students with mild intellectual disability (ID) using VR exergames. The questionnaire consisted of five scales, namely self-presence, mood experience, game enjoyment, attitude toward exergames and preference for future gameplay. Methods: Participants were 103 primary school students with mild ID aged 9–12 years old (males = 52.4%, females = 47.6%). Confirmatory Factor Analysis was undertaken through structural equation modelling to determine factorial validity. Convergent validity and internal consistency were calculated by considering the average variance extracted and the composite reliability respectively, while discriminant validity was estimated by maximum shared squared variance. Results: Results indicated that the model was a good fit for the data as soon as seven items were dropped from the scale because of presenting poor consistency. Instrument was shown to have good internal consistency, appropriate convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: Evidence was found in support of the psychometric integrity of the Ho, Lwin, Sng & Yee (2017) questionnaire when implemented to children with mild ID. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature.